@article {18531,
	title = {Model-Free Fault Detection and Isolation in Large-Scale Cyber-Physical Systems},
	journal = {IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computational Intelligence},
	volume = {1},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Feb},
	pages = {61-71},
	keywords = {Change detection algorithms, clustering methods, Computational modeling, cyber-physical systems, Fault detection, Hidden Markov models, monitoring, Sensor phenomena and characterization, Sensor systems},
	doi = {10.1109/TETCI.2016.2641452},
	author = {Alippi, Cesare and Ntalampiras, Stavros and Roveri, Manuel}
}
@conference {18450,
	title = {Online Model-free Sensor Fault Identification and Dictionary Learning in Cyber-Physical Systems},
	booktitle = {IEEE-INNS  International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN16)},
	year = {2016},
	month = {07/2016},
	address = {Vancouver, Canada},
	abstract = {This paper presents a model-free method for the online identification of sensor faults and learning of their fault dictionary. The method, designed having in mind Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs), takes advantage of functional relationships among the datastreams acquired by CPS sensing units. Existing model-free change detection mechanisms are proposed to detect faults and identify the fault type thanks to a fault dictionary
which is built over time. The main features of the proposed algorithm are its ability to operate without requiring any a priori information about the system under inspection or the nature of the possibly occurring faults. As such, the method follows the model-free approach, characterized by the fact the fault dictionary
is constructed online once faults are detected. Whenever available, humans can be considered in the loop to label a fault or a fault class in the dictionary as well as introduce fault instances generated thanks to a priori information. Experimental results on both synthetic and real datasets corroborate the effectiveness of the proposed fault diagnosis system.
},
	author = {Alippi, Cesare and Ntalampiras, Stavros and Roveri, Manuel}
}
